The backlog of new power generation and energy storage seeking transmission connections across the U.S. increased by 30% in 2023, with nearly 2,600 GW of generation and storage capacity actively seeking grid interconnection, according to new research from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab).
Active capacity in U.S. interconnection queues has surged nearly eight-fold over the past decade, now exceeding twice the total installed capacity of the existing U.S. power plant fleet. The queues reflect robust interest in solar, battery storage, and wind energy, which collectively represent over 95% of all active capacity as of the end of 2023. Solar dominates with 1,080 GW of generation capacity in the queues, while substantial wind capacity (366 GW) and offshore wind capacity (120 GW) are also actively seeking grid connection.
This mounting backlog has emerged as a significant bottleneck for project development, as proposed projects face prolonged and uncertain interconnection study processes, often resulting in cancellations and withdrawals. Despite major interconnection reforms adopted by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) in 2023, which have yet to take effect in most regions, grid interconnection remains a primary cause of project delays and cancellations cited by developers. While submitting an interconnection request and completing requisite grid studies are crucial steps, projects must also secure agreements with various stakeholders, navigate transmission upgrade requirements, and address other development challenges. Nevertheless, data from these queues offer valuable insights into mid-term trends in power sector activity and progress towards energy transition.
